If you purchased a new vehicle in Inglewood and it has persistent defects that impair its use, safety, or value, you may have rights under California lemon law. At Law Republic APC we represent drivers across Los Angeles County who face repeated mechanical problems, safety system failures, or unresolved manufacturer issues that occur soon after purchase. This guide explains how lemon law applies to new vehicles, what steps to take when repairs do not fix the problem, and how residents of Inglewood can protect their consumer rights while pursuing a refund or replacement under state law.
Many new vehicle owners are surprised to learn that repeated repair attempts do not necessarily have to be successful for a lemon law claim to exist. In California, the law looks at whether the manufacturer has had a reasonable number of attempts to repair the same defect or whether the defect substantially impairs the vehicle’s safety, value, or use. This page walks through common scenarios, timelines, and evidence that matter, and outlines how vehicle owners in Inglewood can document problems, interact with dealerships, and evaluate next steps while preserving their legal options.
Pursuing a lemon law claim can provide important relief when a new vehicle continues to malfunction despite repeated repair attempts. Representation helps ensure claims are prepared with complete documentation, repair histories, and clear explanations of how defects affect vehicle use and safety. For vehicle owners in Inglewood, proper representation also helps navigate communications with manufacturers and dealerships, pursue statutory remedies such as replacement or refund, and seek reimbursement for related expenses. Focused advocacy increases the likelihood that a claim will be evaluated fairly and resolved in a timely way while preserving consumer rights under California law.
Law Republic APC assists vehicle owners in Inglewood and across Los Angeles County with lemon law matters and related consumer disputes. Our approach emphasizes detailed documentation, prompt communication with manufacturers, and strategic case preparation aimed at obtaining refunds or replacements where appropriate. We guide clients through gathering repair orders, inspection reports, and correspondence, and we explain how California statutes and manufacturer warranties affect each case. When clients choose to pursue a claim, we work to present a clear record that supports statutory remedies and to negotiate fair outcomes on their behalf in and out of court.
Lemon law in California is designed to protect consumers who purchase or lease vehicles that fail to meet reasonable standards of performance and safety during the warranty period. For new vehicle owners in Inglewood, the law typically applies when a manufacturer or authorized repair facility is unable to correct a defect after a reasonable number of repair attempts. Important factors include the type of defect, the number of repair attempts for the same issue, and whether the defect substantially impairs the vehicle’s use, safety, or value. Understanding these elements helps vehicle owners decide when to pursue a claim.
The lemon law process involves documentation, communication with the manufacturer, and sometimes third-party inspection or informal dispute resolution before formal litigation. Owners should keep complete records of repair orders, billing statements, and correspondence with dealerships and manufacturers. Inglewood residents should also be aware of statutory deadlines and any manufacturer-specific procedures that affect remedies. With accurate records and timely action, many owners can secure refunds, replacements, or compensation for out-of-pocket expenses related to defects that persist despite reasonable repair efforts.
Under California law, a defective new vehicle is generally one that has a defect or condition covered by the manufacturer’s warranty that substantially impairs its use, value, or safety, and that the manufacturer has not repaired after a reasonable number of attempts. Typical examples include persistent engine failures, brake or steering issues, electrical malfunctions that affect safety systems, and transmission problems. The law covers both purchased and leased vehicles and looks at warranty-covered repairs, so gathering accurate repair records and noting how defects affect daily use is essential for building a strong claim in Inglewood.
A successful lemon law claim depends on clear demonstration of the defect, repair attempts, and the impact on the vehicle. Owners should document every repair visit, describe symptom recurrence, and retain receipts and work orders. Typical steps include notifying the dealer and manufacturer, allowing reasonable repair opportunities, obtaining independent inspections if recommended, and negotiating for a refund or replacement. If informal resolution fails, filing a legal claim or participating in arbitration may be necessary. Each case requires careful attention to timelines and statutory notice requirements under California law.
Understanding common legal and automotive terms helps vehicle owners navigate the lemon law process more confidently. Definitions include warranty coverage, repair orders, substantial impairment, manufacturer buyback, and reasonable repair attempts. Knowing how these terms apply to your situation makes it easier to track whether your case meets statutory standards. For residents of Inglewood, keeping a glossary of terms alongside repair documentation simplifies discussions with manufacturers, dealerships, and legal representatives and helps ensure all parties use consistent language when evaluating a potential claim.
Warranty coverage refers to the manufacturer’s written promise to repair or remedy defects in a vehicle within a specified period or mileage. This can include bumper-to-bumper warranties, powertrain warranties, and warranty elements for specific systems like brakes or electronics. For a lemon law claim in Inglewood, only defects covered by the manufacturer’s warranty are generally considered. Owners should retain the warranty documentation and verify which repairs are covered, as warranty terms determine whether repair attempts count toward establishing a reasonable number of attempts under state law.
Substantial impairment describes a defect that significantly affects the vehicle’s safety, value, or ability to be used as intended. This might include repeated transmission failures, persistent braking problems, or electrical defects that disable safety systems. The standard is not absolute perfection but rather the level at which the defect meaningfully reduces the vehicle’s usefulness or marketplace value. When a defect rises to this level, it supports a claim for statutory remedies under California lemon law, especially when repair attempts have not resolved the problem.
Reasonable repair attempts refer to the number and nature of repair visits required before a consumer can assert a lemon law claim. There is no single fixed count; instead, courts consider factors such as the type of defect, whether the defect affects safety, and the manufacturer’s opportunity to fix the issue. Typically, repeated attempts for the same defect or a single serious safety-related failure that cannot be repaired may satisfy this element. Documenting each visit and the repair outcomes is essential for showing that repair opportunities were provided but the defect persists.
Manufacturer buyback means the manufacturer repurchases the defective vehicle, often providing a refund of purchase price minus a usage offset. Replacement involves the manufacturer supplying a comparable vehicle as a remedy. Both remedies are common outcomes when a lemon law claim is successful. Calculations for refunds consider the purchase price, trade-in value, and mileage offsets. Inglewood owners should keep sales paperwork, financing documents, and repair records to ensure accurate remedy calculations and to help their case when negotiating for buyback or replacement under California law.
When facing a defective new vehicle, owners in Inglewood can consider informal negotiation with the dealer, pursuing manufacturer dispute resolution or arbitration, or filing a legal claim under California lemon law. Informal settlement can be faster but may not yield a full remedy. Arbitration programs sometimes resolve disputes efficiently but may limit remedy options. Filing a claim in court can provide full statutory remedies and potential recovery of related costs, though it may take longer. Choosing the right path depends on the strength of documentation, severity of defects, and the owner’s desired outcome.
A limited approach, starting with direct communication to the dealership and the manufacturer, may resolve some issues quickly for Inglewood owners. If the defect is minor, newly discovered, and the dealer promptly offers a permanent and documented repair or replacement, pursuing informal resolution can save time and expense. It is important to get any agreement in writing, retain all repair orders, and verify that the remedy is complete. When the dealer’s solution fully restores vehicle function and value, a formal claim may not be necessary.
Sometimes a manufacturer will offer a goodwill repair or warranty adjustment to address a defect without formal legal action. For Inglewood residents, this path may be appropriate when the manufacturer acknowledges a specific issue and provides a prompt, satisfactory remedy that is clearly documented. Acceptance of a goodwill fix or warranty adjustment should be weighed against the possibility of recurring defects; keep careful records and confirm that the remedy covers related costs to avoid future disputes and preserve options if the problem returns.
When the same defect persists after multiple repair attempts, a comprehensive approach that includes legal action is often necessary. Inglewood owners should gather repair orders, correspondence, and any evidence of ongoing malfunction. A full evaluation considers patterns of failure, the manufacturer’s repair history, and the defect’s impact on safety and value. Pursuing formal remedies such as a buyback, replacement, or reimbursement helps address persistent issues that informal steps have failed to resolve and ensures that consumer rights under California law are asserted effectively.
If a defect affects vehicle safety systems or causes significant loss of value, taking a comprehensive approach is often warranted. For Inglewood drivers, defects that compromise brakes, steering, airbags, or engine reliability present unacceptable risks and may qualify as substantial impairments under California law. A rigorous legal strategy can press for statutory remedies, including buyback or replacement, and seek reimbursement for related expenses. Strong documentation of safety impacts and repair outcomes is essential to support such claims.
Taking a comprehensive route toward resolving a defective vehicle claim increases the likelihood of obtaining full remedies under the law, such as refunds, replacements, or reimbursement for related costs. For Inglewood vehicle owners this approach means assembling a complete record of repairs, leveraging manufacturer obligations, and preparing a claim that clearly demonstrates the defect’s impact. Comprehensive representation helps ensure that remedy calculations account for purchase price, mileage offsets, and out-of-pocket expenses to seek fair compensation under California statutes.
A comprehensive strategy also helps manage communications with manufacturers and dealerships, reducing the chance of settlements that fail to address the full scope of loss. For residents of Inglewood, a thorough approach can lead to more effective negotiations and, when necessary, stronger claims in arbitration or court. It gives vehicle owners confidence that the legal process is being followed accurately, timelines and statutory requirements are observed, and the best available remedies are pursued to resolve long-standing defects.
A comprehensive approach emphasizes thorough documentation of repair attempts, communications, and symptom descriptions so that manufacturers and adjudicators can see a clear pattern of unresolved defects. For Inglewood owners, this means keeping detailed records of dates, repair orders, diagnostic notes, and any correspondence with the dealer or manufacturer. Strong documentation supports claims that defects substantially impair the vehicle and that reasonable repair opportunities were given, which is essential for achieving statutory remedies under California law.
With a comprehensive strategy, negotiations with the manufacturer are based on clear legal frameworks and documented facts, increasing the likelihood of favorable outcomes like refunds or replacements. Inglewood vehicle owners benefit from focused pursuit of remedies that consider purchase costs, mileage offsets, and reimbursements for reasonable expenses. This approach reduces the risk of accepting inadequate settlements and ensures that remedy discussions reflect the full impact of defects on the owner’s safety, use, and vehicle value.
Begin by keeping a complete, chronological record of every repair visit, including dates, odometer readings, service invoices, and descriptions of the symptoms you experienced. Photograph or video the symptoms where possible and save all related emails and text messages with the dealership and manufacturer. Detailed documentation helps establish the pattern of recurring issues and supports claims that repairs were ineffective. For Inglewood owners, organized records make it easier to present a persuasive case to the manufacturer, an arbitrator, or a court when seeking remedies under California law.
Retain all purchase and financing paperwork, including the dealer invoice, sales contract, and manufacturer warranty documents. These records are necessary to calculate remedies correctly and to show the vehicle was new or under warranty at the time defects arose. Bring copies to each repair visit and note whether the work was covered by warranty. For Inglewood vehicle owners, maintaining complete transactional records helps when negotiating buyback, replacement, or reimbursement, and ensures accurate accounting of costs in any settlement or final remedy.
You should consider seeking legal help if repeated repairs have failed to resolve the same defect, if a problem affects safety systems, or if the vehicle has lost significant resale value because of persistent issues. Legal assistance helps in documenting the repair history, interpreting warranty obligations, and navigating manufacturer dispute processes. For Inglewood residents, legal guidance also helps evaluate whether an informal resolution is adequate or if pursuing statutory remedies would better restore financial losses and vehicle reliability under California law.
Other reasons to pursue legal action include receiving inconsistent repair results across visits, being billed for warranty-covered services, or encountering manufacturer resistance to buyback or replacement. If these issues have caused repeated inconvenience, safety concerns, or ongoing cost, a legal approach can press for remedies and reimbursement of reasonable expenses. Inglewood owners with thorough repair documentation and a clear record of communications are in a stronger position to seek a fair outcome through negotiation, arbitration, or court proceedings.
Typical circumstances include recurring engine or transmission failures, brakes or steering malfunctions, persistent electrical problems that affect safety systems, or other defects that continue despite repeated repairs. Buyers and lessees may experience reduced vehicle value, frequent downtime for repairs, or safety risks that make the car unsuitable for everyday use. In many of these situations, aggregation of repair records and clear symptom descriptions will show a pattern that may support a claim under California lemon law for residents of Inglewood.
Repeated mechanical failures such as recurring transmission slippage, engine stalling, or coolant system breakdowns that persist after multiple repair attempts can indicate a lemon. These issues often lead to ongoing repair costs, loss of confidence in vehicle reliability, and potential safety concerns. Inglewood owners experiencing repeated mechanical failures should document each repair and the specific symptoms observed, including dates and any communications with the dealership or manufacturer, to build a clear record supporting potential remedies under California law.
Malfunctions in safety-critical components like airbags, anti-lock brakes, or electronic stability systems present serious risks and may qualify as substantial impairments. Such defects often trigger immediate concern and may lead to stronger lemon law claims because of their impact on safety. Vehicle owners in Inglewood should prioritize obtaining written repair orders and formal manufacturer notifications when safety systems fail, and consider escalation quickly if repairs do not correct the underlying problem to ensure timely pursuit of remedies.
Modern vehicles rely heavily on electrical systems and software, and recurring faults in these areas can cause a wide range of problems from drivability issues to disabled safety features. Persistent electrical or software defects that remain after repeated repair attempts can substantially impair a vehicle’s use and value. Residents of Inglewood dealing with these types of faults should capture diagnostic reports, software update logs, and any technician findings, as this documentation is often central to proving the defect’s persistence for a lemon law claim.
If your new vehicle in Inglewood has persistent defects, Law Republic APC can review your repair history, warranty coverage, and communications with the dealer and manufacturer. We help clients understand whether the pattern of repairs and the defect’s impact meet California’s lemon law criteria and advise on potential remedies. Starting with a thorough document review, we can outline next steps, assist with written notices to manufacturers, and guide you through dispute resolution options so you can pursue a fair outcome that addresses safety, reliability, and financial loss.
Law Republic APC represents vehicle owners in Los Angeles County, including Inglewood, with a focus on clear communication, careful documentation, and strategic claim preparation. We help clients compile repair records, evaluate warranty provisions, and pursue manufacturer remedies such as replacement or buyback when appropriate. Our goal is to present each case in a manner that supports statutory relief under California law while guiding clients through procedural requirements and settlement options in a straightforward, organized way.
We work with clients to identify the strongest evidence of persistent defects and communicate effectively with manufacturers and dealerships. For Inglewood residents, this means explaining statutory remedies, assisting with required notices, and pursuing negotiation or formal claims when necessary. Clear documentation and a methodical approach often help secure favorable resolutions more efficiently while preserving options for arbitration or litigation if needed to achieve a fair remedy.
Clients benefit from personalized attention to the details of their vehicle’s repair history and warranty coverage. For each matter we review, we explain likely outcomes, expected timelines, and the documentation needed to move forward confidently. Inglewood vehicle owners can call Law Republic APC at 818-532-5323 to discuss their situation, review repair records, and learn about potential remedies under California’s lemon law provisions.
Our process begins with a review of all repair orders, warranty documents, and correspondence to determine whether the defect and repair history meet California lemon law standards. We then outline the options available, including manufacturer negotiation, informal dispute resolution, arbitration, or filing a legal claim. For Inglewood clients we prioritize timely steps that preserve rights, such as sending required notices and calculating appropriate remedy amounts. Clear communication and organized evidence collection are central to pursuing refunds, replacements, or reimbursement of related expenses.
The initial step involves collecting and examining purchase documents, warranty information, and all repair orders to assess whether the vehicle meets lemon law criteria. This review helps determine if defects were warranty-covered and whether repair attempts were reasonable in number and scope. For Inglewood owners, the assessment includes evaluating the nature of the defects, their impact on safety and use, and whether further formal notices are required before pursuing statutory remedies under California law.
Gathering complete repair history, receipts, and written communications is essential. We advise clients to obtain copies of all service orders, diagnostic reports, and any manufacturer correspondence. These records provide a timeline showing recurrent issues and the extent of repair efforts. For residents of Inglewood, comprehensive documentation strengthens the case by demonstrating the defect’s persistence and the manufacturer’s opportunity to fix the problem under warranty.
After collecting records, we evaluate whether the number and nature of repair attempts satisfy California’s standards for reasonable repair opportunities. This includes considering whether the defect affects safety or substantially impairs the vehicle. Based on this evaluation, we advise on next steps, including sending formal notices, pursuing arbitration, or preparing a legal claim. Clear analysis of repair patterns is necessary for effective negotiation or litigation strategies for Inglewood clients.
The second phase often involves sending required notices to the manufacturer, engaging in negotiation, and considering arbitration programs offered by manufacturers. We prepare concise, documented notices that outline repair history and requested remedies. For Inglewood vehicle owners, negotiation aims to resolve the matter through buyback, replacement, or reimbursement while preserving the option to pursue formal claims. If arbitration is appropriate, we prepare the case to present the documented evidence and remedy calculations clearly.
We prepare formal notices or demand letters that summarize repair history, describe the ongoing defects, and request a specific remedy. These documents provide the manufacturer with a final opportunity to resolve the dispute and serve as part of the case record. For Inglewood clients, accurate and complete notices increase the likelihood of meaningful negotiation while ensuring procedural requirements are met for later action if necessary.
If the manufacturer engages in negotiation or arbitration, we present the documented evidence, explain remedy calculations, and argue for a fair resolution. The goal is to achieve refund, replacement, or reimbursement without unnecessary delay. For Inglewood owners, careful preparation for these discussions helps communicate the full impact of the defect and supports the best possible outcome through the available dispute resolution channels.
If negotiation and arbitration do not produce acceptable results, filing a legal claim may be necessary to pursue statutory remedies under California law. This step involves preparing court filings, presenting documented evidence of defect and repair history, and calculating appropriate compensation or buyback amounts. For Inglewood clients we focus on accurate remedy calculations and preserving all claims for recovery of losses connected to the defective vehicle.
In litigation, thorough preparation includes compiling repair records, expert opinions when needed, and calculations for refunds or replacements that account for purchase price and mileage offsets. For Inglewood owners, clear documentation of out-of-pocket expenses and vehicle downtime supports claims for reimbursement. Accurate remedy calculations ensure that settlement discussions or court rulings reflect the owner’s actual losses under applicable statutory formulas.
If a court proceeding is required, we litigate with the aim of securing statutory remedies and recovery of reasonable costs related to the defective vehicle. Court resolution may award refund, replacement, or reimbursement depending on the facts. For vehicle owners in Inglewood, pursuing a court remedy ensures that legal standards are applied and that any settlement or judgment addresses the full extent of the defect’s impact and associated expenses.
A vehicle may qualify as a lemon in California when it has a defect that substantially impairs its use, value, or safety and the manufacturer has been given a reasonable number of opportunities to repair the issue under warranty without success. Examples often include repeated engine or transmission failures, brake or steering problems, or electronic malfunctions that affect safety systems. The vehicle must be covered by the manufacturer’s warranty, and the defect must be documented through repair orders and correspondence to show persistence. Documentation is essential to support a lemon law claim. Keep detailed repair orders, invoices, and any technician notes that describe the recurring issue. Note dates, odometer readings, and the outcome of each repair visit. Written communications with the dealer or manufacturer that acknowledge the problem or attempted repairs are also important. For Inglewood owners, gathering a clear timeline of events and repair history strengthens the case when seeking remedies such as a buyback or replacement under California law.
There is no single numeric threshold that defines a reasonable number of repair attempts for every case; courts consider the nature of the defect, whether it affects safety, and the effect on vehicle use. Repeated attempts to fix the same problem or a single serious safety-related defect that remains unresolved after repair attempts may qualify. Each case is fact-specific, so examining the repair history in context matters when assessing whether statutory standards are met. To evaluate reasonableness, document every repair visit and describe the recurring symptoms. Keep records of dealership responses and repair durations. If you observe a pattern of ineffective repairs or if the defect endangers vehicle operation, these facts strengthen the argument that the manufacturer had sufficient opportunity to fix the problem. For owners in Inglewood, a careful review of repair orders helps determine whether to proceed with a formal claim under California law.
If a vehicle qualifies as a lemon under California law, typical remedies include a manufacturer buyback, which often consists of a refund of the purchase price minus a usage offset, or a replacement with a comparable vehicle. Courts and arbitration panels also may award reimbursement for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses related to the defect, such as towing, rental car costs, or repairs not covered by warranty. The exact remedy depends on the facts and applicable statutes. Accurate calculation of refunds or replacements requires retaining purchase documents, financing paperwork, and repair records. Mileage offsets and trade-in considerations affect final amounts. For Inglewood residents, presenting clear documentation of purchase price and expenses helps ensure remedies reflect actual losses under California’s statutory framework, and negotiations can be guided by those precise calculations.
Document every interaction with the dealer or manufacturer. Keep copies of repair orders, invoices, and any diagnostic reports provided by technicians, and note dates and odometer readings for each service visit. Save emails, texts, and letters describing the symptoms and any acknowledgments from the repair facility. Photographs or videos of symptoms can also be helpful when defects are visible or occur intermittently. Organize these items chronologically and create a brief written timeline summarizing key events and outcomes. This record demonstrates the persistence of the defect and the manufacturer’s opportunity to repair it. For Inglewood vehicle owners, a well-organized file makes it easier to present a persuasive case during negotiation, arbitration, or litigation and shows a consistent pattern of unresolved problems.
Yes, California lemon law generally applies to leased vehicles as well as purchased vehicles, provided the defect falls within the manufacturer’s warranty and substantially impairs the vehicle’s use, value, or safety. Lessees have rights similar to purchasers and may be entitled to remedies such as replacement, buyback, or reimbursement for related expenses, depending on the lease terms and the scope of warranty coverage. Lessees should keep the same types of documentation as owners: repair orders, lease agreements, and any manufacturer correspondence. It is also important to notify the leasing company and the manufacturer promptly about recurring defects. For residents of Inglewood, understanding lease terms and warranty relationships helps determine the best path to pursue remedies under California law while protecting lease-related obligations.
Pursuing a lemon law claim typically addresses the vehicle transaction and does not directly affect credit in the way a loan default would. If a manufacturer repurchases the vehicle under a buyback, the transaction is usually structured to resolve the underlying purchase or lease agreement. However, coordination is needed with any financing entity to ensure the buyback or replacement is processed properly and that loan or lease accounts are handled according to the settlement terms. It is important to retain all financing and purchase documents and to inform the lender or lessor about the ongoing dispute so they understand the resolution process. For Inglewood consumers, working through the appropriate channels helps avoid unintended consequences, and clear documentation of settlement terms helps ensure that any financing adjustments are applied correctly.
Statutes of limitation and other timing rules affect lemon law claims, and specific deadlines can vary depending on the facts and the applicable warranty period. In California, claims generally must be initiated within a reasonable time after the warranty period or after the defect becomes apparent, and actions that preserve rights, such as written notices, should be taken promptly. Early action preserves evidence and ensures procedural requirements are met for pursuing remedies. If you suspect you have a lemon law claim in Inglewood, gather all repair records and consult about the relevant deadlines as soon as possible. Timely documentation and prompt notice to the manufacturer increase the likelihood of a favorable outcome and reduce the risk that statutory time limits will bar a claim. Acting promptly helps protect your rights under California law.
Reimbursement for expenses like towing, reasonable rental car costs, and other out-of-pocket expenditures may be available when such expenses are related to the defect and were necessary due to repeated repair failures. Keep all receipts and records of such expenses and include them in your repair history file. Thorough documentation helps demonstrate that these costs were a direct consequence of the vehicle’s persistent defect and supports claims for reimbursement under applicable remedies. When negotiating with the manufacturer or presenting a claim, precise accounting of these expenses and explanations of their necessity strengthen the case for reimbursement. For Inglewood residents, including detailed receipts and dates in the case file enables clear presentation of additional losses tied to the defective vehicle and supports requests for compensation in settlement or adjudication.
A manufacturer settlement offer should be evaluated carefully against your documented losses and statutory remedies. Offers can sometimes be reasonable, but they may also undervalue the full scope of damages, including the purchase price adjustments, mileage offsets, and reimbursement for out-of-pocket expenses. Before accepting any offer, ensure it addresses all aspects of loss and that the terms are clearly stated in writing to avoid future disputes. Consider having written offers reviewed in light of your repair history and remedy calculations. For Inglewood owners, comparing the settlement amount to a thorough calculation of potential buyback or replacement value helps determine whether to accept the offer or seek further negotiation or formal remedies. A measured review prevents settling for less than the available statutory relief.
Start by collecting all purchase documents, warranty paperwork, and repair orders, and create a clear timeline of symptoms and service visits. Notify the manufacturer in writing if repairs do not resolve the defect, and retain copies of all correspondence. Gathering this documentation early makes it easier to evaluate whether the pattern of defects and repairs meets California lemon law criteria and to preserve necessary evidence for negotiation or claims. If you believe your vehicle meets lemon law conditions, contact a representative who can review your file and explain options for negotiation, arbitration, or filing a legal claim. Inglewood residents can call Law Republic APC at 818-532-5323 to discuss repair records and next steps. Prompt review helps protect statutory rights and improves the chances of obtaining an appropriate remedy under California law.
